Research organizations,政府机构和新闻记者所有人都同意：父母的参与也许是最大的因素之一thebiggest factor—in a child’s academic achievement. Forteachers in training facing difficulties和first year teachers, parents are an important force to be reckoned with.
父母一开始似乎是个谜
对于新来的老师来说，家长也有点神秘。在你的教师培训中，你几乎没有准备好应付他们。学校孩子的家长不会来你的教学学位班与你互动。甚至在你在真实学校的实地体验中，家长们对与“正式教师”交谈比与学生教师交谈更感兴趣。
Once you begin your teaching career in earnest, one of yourpersonal goals应该很快学会如何与父母打交道。这可能很复杂，因为父母都是不同的。
与父母打交道
These are probably the kinds of parents you imagine yourself dealing with while you’re still in teacher training. Involved parents take an active interest in their child’s learning. They receive communication from teachers gladly and attentively. They may even volunteer for school and PTA activities.
父母是y的类型有关ou’ll encounter the most. And in many cases, involved parents are quite easy to work with. They listen to what teachers have to say and see themselves as teammates in their children’s education.
So for the most part, you can deal with these parents in a very straightforward way. Keep communication open and regular. Let them know when action is needed on their part. Also keep them informed on matters regarding their child that require attention. But be prepared for an occasional conflict too–because involved parents can sometimes also be敌对父母.
Dealing with Adversarial Parents
Some parents get so involved and so invested in their children’s education that they can become more difficult. They can get very emotional and pushy when teachers do things they disagree with. Some involved parents lobby for extra attention and special treatment for their children. This may not be possible or warranted. At other times, a parent, pair of parents, or whole group of parents may want to influence or change the way you do your job.
When dealing with involved adversarial parents, it’s important to keep your emotions in check. This can be hard! It’s frustrating to have someone else tell you how to do your job. It can also be quite upsetting to have your teaching picked apart and criticized. But you really do need to keep a steady eye on the needs of your students. This is always more important than “winning” any conflict with a parent.
找到共同点
专注于真正对孩子最好的事情会有所帮助。这是锚。这是可以帮助你和父母解决冲突的共同点。记住，对于家长和老师之间的分歧，也有调解人、调解过程和适当的场所。家长会会议有助于讨论老师和家长的不同观点。也不要害怕去找你的校长，其他老师，或者家长教师协会的成员寻求建议和帮助。
Dealing with Unresponsive Parents
有时候，家长根本不回复老师的沟通。有些人只是没有在学生的教育中发挥积极的作用。还有一些人甚至不能确保他们的学生按时完成家庭作业或准时到校。
This too can be frustrating–or at least puzzling. However, it’s important to piece together the puzzle of the unresponsive parent. There are many reasons that parents might not respond to messages and outreach from their children’s teachers.
为什么家长可能不回应
Language Issues
以厄尔和美国第一代学生的父母为例，有时缺乏回应仅仅是因为语言障碍，你需要保持沉默culturally responsiveto this fact. There are usually a number of solutions to this kind of communication problem. School districts often have interpreters on staff. There may be other sources of interpretation too. But bear in mind that it’s best to avoid using your students as interpreters if at all possible. Having someone’s child interpret for them can be stressful and embarrassing for everyone involved.
压力过大的父母
还有一些父母工作过度，压力过大。他们可能太忙了，无法尽可能多地参与孩子的教育。对那些看起来心地善良但过于投入的父母要有耐心。对这些父母施加太大的压力会产生不好的感觉。所以，你要清楚地表明，你同情这些父母面临的要求，同时与他们温和而一致地沟通。
根本不在乎的父母
其他父母可能因为不太愉快的原因而没有反应。当然也有家长认为教育不重要。通常，这些父母对孩子的学习过程不感兴趣。如果他们感到与学校沟通的压力不公平，他们很快就会变成敌对的家长。
But it’s still your responsibility to communicate with apathetic parents. Keep communication with this parent type persistent but polite. Look for opportunities to send home praise or earnest concern for their child. Nearly every parent loves to hear good things about their kids! And even parents who don’t have much regard for education can be motivated to talk to teachers if something truly important is at stake.
了解你的学生受父母的影响有多大
家长之谜是一个更大、更重要的谜团的一部分：你的学生是谁的谜团，以及教他们的最佳方法。
Remember that every interaction you have with a parent, no matter how small, can provide insight into your students’ inner lives. For instance, knowing something as seemingly trivial as the hobbies of a parent can help you see further into your students’ lives. Or being aware of the kind of relationship a mom and dad have with each other can be very insightful. This information can actually tell you a lot about what your students are thinking and how to motivate them. And non-communicative parents—whether they’re facing personal struggles or just don’t care—provide clues to the kinds of weaknesses or insecurities your students may have. This in turn points to ways you can help your students build on their unique strengths and overcome their personal vulnerabilities.
